Urethane balls did surface in the 1980s, but today, most bowling balls have an outer cover of resin. The next evolution took place in the 1970s with the discovery of polyester. In 1914, bowling balls were upgraded to rubber mineralite. The first rubber bowling ball entered the game in 1905, and was immediately preferred to the hard wooden balls that had been used up to that point. However, there have been many introductions to the sport that have changed the game forever. There have been few changes to the rules of the sport since then. To get around the law, players simply added one more pin, which nullified the ban and the modern game was born. In 1841, Connecticut banned ownership of nine-pin lanes in an attempt to curb gambling and crime. A culture of crime and gambling became associated with it, and eventually, Bowling gained a poor reputation. In the early 19th century, bowling alleys were primarily owned by Bars and Pubs.
With the addition of these new regulations, the 1900s saw bowling lanes grow in churches, firehouses, and private clubs. Rules for the sport became standardized in 1895 through the formation of the American Bowling Congress (ABC), which later merged into the United States Bowling Congress. Bowling experienced a surge of popularity in the United States during the 1850s, and indoor bowling halls sprang up across the country, predominately in areas with large German populations.
In 1840, the first indoor bowling alley, Knickerbockers of New York city, was built. Washington Irving tipped his hat to the game in his popular short story "Rip Van Winkle", in which the protagonist is woken up by the sound of "nine pins" being bowled over. Early Indoor Bowlingīowling migrated to America in the 1600s through European immigrants. This early version of nine-pin continued to live on among the aristocratic classes, played on Estate Lawns.
A smaller, tabletop version was later devised to allow the game to be played within inns and pubs. The balls were tossed at the pins in an effort to knock down as many as possible, and one point was earned per pin. Skittles consisted of nine wooden pins and wooden balls. Skittles was typically played outside inns on smooth patches of ground. During the years' in-between, bowls evolved into a predecessor of nine-pin bowling, which was called "skittles." His later successor, King Henry VIII, amended the ban in 1511 to allow nobility to participate in the sport, but the ban itself was not lifted until 1845. Apparently, his armies were playing the game known as "bowls" so frequently that it was becoming a serious distraction from their duties in the military. The first written record of bowling comes from a ban by King Edward III in 1366. In this version of the game, the kegel represented a temptation or sin, and so players who were able to knock the kegel down were perceived as more righteous. The player attempted to knock down nine pins (kegels) with a stone. Nine-pin bowling was created by Monks in Germany, where it was known as kegelspiel around 300 AD. The history of Bowling is interesting and convoluted, following the rise of civilization from a game of stones and sticks to the highly specialized game of tenpin bowling played today. But Bowling was once illegal in the United States! That is, until the tenth pin changed everything. Bowling is an immensely popular sport around the world the 70 million yearly players make it the United States' most popular participatory sport, and many variations are played all around the world.
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